Abstract
The quality of semen in small ruminants represents a key indicator of the reproductive potential of breeding males and has an indirect, yet significant, impact on the quality and safety of animal-derived food products. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of Percoll gradient separation on the main quantitative and kinematic characteristics of spermatozoa in rams (Ovis aries) and to analyze the applicability of this technology for targeted management of offspring sex ratio. Semen samples (n=27) were analyzed using a computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system, comparing native ejaculates (n=9) with fractions enriched in X- (n=9) and Y-bearing spermatozoa (n=9) (RX and RY). The data obtained were processed using the open-source JASP software platform (version 0.19.1). The results showed a statistically significant reduction in concentration, total and progressive motility, as well as kinematic parameters (VCL, VAP, VSL) in the sexed fractions compared to the control group (P<0.05). Nevertheless, the RY fraction demonstrated relatively better preservation of progressive motility compared to RX. These findings confirm that Percoll gradient separation affects the functional status of spermatozoa while providing opportunities for the application of reproductive biotechnologies aimed at improving profitability, standardization, and predictability of animal production. The implementation of such approaches in small ruminants may contribute to sustainable sector development and enhance the quality of raw materials within the food chain.